Oracle 入門之控制文件multiplex

Oracle當(dāng)中的控制文件相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾�，里面�?guī)定了啟動和關(guān)閉Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫的一些重要的參數(shù)，例如日志文件和數(shù)據(jù)文件的個數(shù)和位置等，所以對這個文件一般要使用multiplex多路復(fù)用存儲，而且最好存在不同的分區(qū)以實現(xiàn)冗余性，但是當(dāng)多路中的一個控制文件出現(xiàn)問題的時候，Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫也將無法啟動或關(guān)閉，下面來簡要的介紹下配置方法

[Oracle@jsb-ylw-5024 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog   //啟動Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫，并查看當(dāng)前控制文件的個數(shù)和儲存位置-
 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Sep 8 10:48:02 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area 1620115456 bytes
Fixed Size                  2213816 bytes
Variable Size             939526216 bytes
Database Buffers          671088640 bytes
Redo Buffers                7286784 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter control;    //可以看到當(dāng)前存在兩個控制文件

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7
control_files                        string      /u01/oradata/yang/control01.ct
                                                 l, /u01/flash_recovery_area/ya
                                                 ng/control02.ctl
control_management_pack_access       string      DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING

SQL> shutdown immediate;      //關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
Oracle instance shut down.
SQL> create pfile from spfile;   //根據(jù)spfile生成pfile，若使用不同的參數(shù)文件，則需要加路徑

File created.
SQL> !
[Oracle@jsb-ylw-5024 ~]$ cp /u01/oradata/yang/control01.ctl /u01/oracle/control03.ctl   //使用cp命令復(fù)制控制文件
[Oracle@jsb-ylw-5024 ~]$ grep -i 'control' /u01/oracle/dbs/inityang.ora       //修改pfile的control_files值如下
*.control_files='/u01/oradata/yang/control01.ctl','/u01/flash_recovery_area/yang/control02.ctl','/u01/Oracle/control03.ctl'
[Oracle@jsb-ylw-5024 ~]$ exit
exit

SQL> startup pfile=$Oracle_HOME/dbs/inityang.ora   //使用pfile啟動oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫
Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area 1620115456 bytes
Fixed Size                  2213816 bytes
Variable Size             939526216 bytes
Database Buffers          671088640 bytes
Redo Buffers                7286784 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> show parameter control;      //查看已經(jīng)修改成功

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7
control_files                        string      /u01/oradata/yang/control01.ct
                                                 l, /u01/flash_recovery_area/ya
                                                 ng/control02.ctl, /u01/Oracle/
                                                 control03.ctl
control_management_pack_access       string      DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING

SQL> shutdown immediate;   //關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
Oracle instance shut down.
SQL> create spfile from pfile; //根據(jù)pfile生成spfile

File created.

SQL> startup                   //使用spfile啟動Oracle
Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area 1620115456 bytes
Fixed Size                  2213816 bytes
Variable Size             939526216 bytes
Database Buffers          671088640 bytes
Redo Buffers                7286784 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> !
[Oracle@jsb-ylw-5024 ~]$ mv /u01/oracle/control03.ctl /tmp/
[Oracle@jsb-ylw-5024 ~]$ exit
exit

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/Oracle/control03.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

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